Backward Design
Redesigning from Complex to Simplified

I TURNED THIS

INTO THIS
Tools Used:
To create this visual job aid, I used:
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Canva
Context
Educators were provided with a visual job aid explaining the backward design model to support lesson planning.
While the content was accurate, the tool was:
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Text-heavy and jargon-dense
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Visually cluttered
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Overloaded with instructional terminology
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Difficult to quickly reference during planning
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Teachers reported that the job aid felt overwhelming and was rarely used as a practical planning tool.
A short feedback survey revealed:
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Only 34% of educators found the visual aid helpful
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58% reported the wording was too complex
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62% said they did not regularly reference it during lesson planning
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Several educators noted cognitive overload when trying to interpret the model
Analysis
I conducted a review of the original job aid using principles from cognitive load theory and multimedia learning research.
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Key Issues Identified:
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Violated the Coherence Principle (included unnecessary wording and dense explanations)
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Violated the Signaling Principle (no visual emphasis or hierarchy)
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Violated the Segmenting Principle (all information presented at once)
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Limited visual representation of the backward design flow
Solution
I redesigned the job aid using Mayer’s Multimedia Principles to reduce cognitive load and improve usability.
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Design Enhancements Included:
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Simplified language using concise, action-oriented phrasing
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Applied the Coherence Principle by removing extraneous text
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Used the Signaling Principle with bold headers and color-coded steps
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Applied the Spatial Contiguity Principle by aligning visuals with corresponding text
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Incorporated visual flow arrows to clearly illustrate the backward design sequence
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Increased white space to improve readability
Impact
After implementation, educators were surveyed four weeks later.
Measurable Outcomes:
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Educator-reported usability increased from 34% to 87%
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82% reported referencing the job aid during lesson planning
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76% reported improved clarity when planning assessments
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Teachers reported reduced confusion about aligning objectives to assessments
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Instructional leaders observed stronger alignment between learning goals and evaluation tasks
Additionally, educators described the new design as:
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“Clear and practical”
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“Visually organized”
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“Much easier to follow”
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Organizational Impact
The redesigned visual aid transformed a cognitively overwhelming reference document into a streamlined, actionable planning tool. By applying evidence-based multimedia principles, the project:
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Reduced cognitive load
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Increased adoption of the tool
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Improved instructional alignment practices
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This project demonstrates the ability to diagnose usability issues, apply learning science research, and design performance-support tools that drive measurable behavior change.
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